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Rules of Burial
Issue 276: As an obligation, a grave must be so deep as to not allow the smell of the dead body to float out, and not allow predators to dig it out either. However, if there are no such concerns about the smell or the threat of the predators, it would suffice just to bury the dead body irrespective of the depth of the grave, although the recommended precaution is to dig the grave as deep as it was mentioned above; And if the threat of the predators' digging out the dead body is still a matter of concern, the grave must be reinforced with bricks and the like. Issue 277: If it is not possible to bury the dead body in the ground, it can be placed in a coffin or into a construct. Issue 278: The dead body must be placed in the grave on its right side in such a way that it faces the Quiblah. Issue 279: If one dies on a ship and there is no fear of its getting decayed and it does not cause any problems if it is kept on the ship, it must be kept until they get to the land and bury it in the ground, otherwise after giving it a Ghusl, embalming, shrouding and praying for it, it must be lowered into the sea in a vessel of clay or with a weight tied to its feet and if possible, it must be lowered into the sea at a point where it will not be eaten up immediately by the sea predators. Issue 280: If it is feared that an enemy may dig up the grave and exhume the dead body and cut off its ears, nose or other limbs, if possible, it must be lowered into the sea the way it was instructed in the forgoing rule. Issue 281: When an infidel woman dies with a dead or soulless fetus in her womb, if the father is a Muslim, the dead woman must be laid in the grave on her left side with her back towards the Quiblah so that the child would face the Quiblah. Issue 282: It is not allowed to bury the dead body of a Muslim in the cemetery of infidels or vice versa. Issue 283: It is not permissible to bury the dead body of a Muslim in a place where it is considered as disrespect to the Muslim, like places where garbage is thrown. Issue 284: It is not allowed to bury the dead body of a Muslim in a usurped place, in a place which has been dedicated to purposes other than burial, or in mosques. Issue 285: It is not permissible to bury a dead body in the grave of another dead person before the corpse of the first dead person is totally decomposed and disintegrated. Issue 286: Anything which is separated from the body of a dead person, even if it is the hair, nail or teeth, must be buried with the dead body itself, but if the separated part is found after the burial, as a precaution, it must be avoided to dig the grave again, and the part must be buried in a different place. It is also recommended to bury the nails or teeth of a living person. Issue 287: When a woman dies with a living baby in her womb, the baby must be taken out-even if there is no hope for its survival- from any side of her and then her womb and belly must be stitched up. But, regarding the baby's health, if it does not differ as to whether to take the baby out from the left or the right side of her, as an obligatory precaution, it must be taken out from her left side. This must be done by her husband if he is skilled at this and if not, by a skilled woman and if such a skilled woman is not available, by a skilled man among her Mahrams, otherwise any skilled man must take care of it. But if no skilled person is there to do this, it must be done by any available person, even if they are unskilled.
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